PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ESSENTIAL OIL VETIVER ROOTS (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash) FROM GARUT DISTRICT
Abstract
Indonesia is uniquely positioned among the countries in the world where most of the land consists of tropical forests. Besides Haiti and the Bourbon Pacific, Indonesia is among the three largest producers of vetiver oil in the world. Garut Regency is the center of vetiver oil production in Indonesia. Vetiver root (Vetiveria zizanoides L. Nash), is known to contain terpenoid compounds that have antioxidant bioactivity, especially β-vetivena, β-vetivenon, and α-vetivenon compounds. Phytochemical screening is a way to determine the content of secondary metabolites in a natural material. This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites in vetiver essential oil from Garut Regency. This research is qualitative in nature using a descriptive design of laboratory experiment method. The vetiver essential oil produced by the steam distillation method was tested for secondary metabolite content using thin-layer chromatography by looking at the stains that appeared on the chromatogram and the Rf value of the tested compounds. Secondary metabolite compounds tested include alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins. Vetiver essential oil contains steroid compounds characterized by the onset of blue stains with an Rf of 0.9 and terpenoid compounds characterized by the onset of bright blue stains with an Rf of 0.54.
References
Hanani, E. (2015). Analisis Fitokimia. Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC.
Katuuk, R. H. H., Wanget, S. A., & Tumewu, P. (2018). The Effect Of Differences In Site Height On The Content Of Secondary Metabolites Of Babadotan Weeds (Ageratum conyzoides L.).
La Jawa, E. O., Sawiji, R. T., Yuliawati, A.N. (2020). Skrining Fitokimia Dan Analisis Kromatografi Lapis Tipis Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocerues polyrhizus). Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product, 3(1):48-49.
Mainawati, D., Brahmana, E. M., dan Mubarrak, J. (2019). Uji Kandungan Metabolit Sekunder Tumbuhan Obat yang Terdapat di Kecamatan Rambah Samo Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Universitas Pasir Pangaraian.
Nuramalina, P. W., Kiki M. Y., dan Kodir R. A. (2019). Karakterisasi Akar Wangi (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash) yang Ditanam di Dua Daerah Berbeda di Kawasan Kabupaten Garut. Universitas Islam Bandung.
Nurjannah, I., Ayu, B., Mustariani, A., & Suryani, N. (2022). Skrining Fitokimia Dan Uji Antibakteri Ekstrak Kombinasi Daun Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix) Dan Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) Sebagai Zat Aktif Pada Sabun Antibakteri. Spin, 4(1), 23–36. https://doi.org/10.20414/spin.v4i1.4801
Pratiwi, S. A., Februyani, N., & Basith, A. (2023). Skrining dan Uji Penggolongan Fitokimia dengan Metode KLT pada Ekstrak Etanol Kemangi (Ocium basilicum L) dan Sereh Dapur (Cymbopogon ciratus). Dalam Pharmacy Medical Journal, 6(2).
Ramadhan, A. D., Hakim, A. R., Byna, A. (2023). Identifikasi Senyawa Terpenoid dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Karinat (Rubusmoluccanus L) dengan Metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis. Jurnal Farmasi Syifa, 1(1):17-19.
Sahabur, J. T. (2019). Tinjauan Metabolit Sekunder dan Skrining Fitokimia. Universitas Islam Indonesia. Buku Ajar. 52-57.
Takaeb, M. J., & Leo, M. I. (2023). Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder pada Sopi Kualin (SOKLIN) yang Dibuat Dengan dan Tanpa Fermentasi di Desa Kualin Nusa Tenggara Timur. Jurnal Sains dan Edukasi Sains, 6(2), 111–116. https://doi.org/10.24246/juses.v6i2p111-116
Taupik, M., Suryadi, A. M. A., Kilo, J. L., Uno, W. Z. & Badjeber, S. B. (2022). Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Daun Spigelia anthelmia L. dan Uji Aktifitas Antioksidan Menggunakan Metode DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhidrazy). Journal Syifa Sciences and Clinical Research (JSSCR), 4(3). https://doi.org/10.37311/jsscr.v4i3.15927
Tutik, T. (2020). Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Akar Wangi (Vetiveria zizanoides L.) Sebagai Antifeedant Terhadap Hama Kubis-Kubisan (Plutella xylostella). Universitas Malahayati.
Usman, Y., & Muin, R. (2023). Uji Kualitatif Dan Perhitungan Nilai Rf Senyawa Flavonoid Dari Ekstrak Daun Gulma Siam. Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and HerbalTechnology, 1(1).
Zahoor, S., Shahid, S., and Uroj, F. (2019). Review of Pharmacologcal Activities of Vertiveria zizanioides (Linn) Nash. University of Management & Technology: Pakistan.
Copyright (c) 2024 Nurul Nurul, Dani Sujana, Yogi Rahman Nugraha, Firman Muharam, Siva Puspitasari, Desy Syswianti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.